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[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 83.Ezashi T, Telugu BPVL, Alexenko AP, Sachdev S, Sinha S, Roberts RM

Nature 606 , 732738 (2022)

Eur J Pain 12:351-60, 2008

Component NDC numbers can be found in the prescribing information

Medical conditions affecting absorption warrant particular attention : Pernicious anaemia : an autoimmune condition destroying gastric parietal cells, requiring lifelong B12 injections Gastrointestinal surgery : particularly gastric bypass, gastrectomy, or terminal ileum resection Inflammatory bowel disease : Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum impairs absorption Coeliac disease : untreated disease damages the small intestine, reducing B12 uptake Medication use : long-term metformin therapy (MHRA safety alert) or nitrous oxide exposure Symptoms suggesting possible B12 deficiency include : persistent fatigue, weakness, paraesthesia (pins and needles) in hands or feet, glossitis (sore, red tongue), mood changes, memory problems, or unexplained anaemia

Chia JC, Yan J, Rahmati Ishka M et al (2023) Loss of OPT3 function decreases phloem copper levels and impairs crosstalk between copper and iron homeostasis and shoot-to-root signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana